Actinobacteria: Potential Natural Synthesizers of Bioactive Compounds Having Multidimensional Activities

Naturally occurring microbes enhanced the growth of plants through nutrient acquisition and hormonal stimulation. The demand of plant growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PGPR) for their sustainable use in agriculture market is increasing with time. Since it offers an appealing and more secure method for supplanting the utilization of synthetic chemical fertilizers and pesticides. In this context, gram-positive, spore-forming bacteria, belonging to the order actinomycetales were extensively studied for their multidimensional activities in the field of agriculture. These microorganisms form thread-like filaments in the soil and answerable for distinctively ‘earthy’ smell of newly turned soil. Actinobacteria uses both direct and indirect mechanisms to influence the growth of plants. Actinobacteria are also associated with the production of a number of various bioactive components. Actinobacteria possess different capabilities including production of biological control agents, production of plant growth-promoting compounds, producing siderophore, etc. The elite strains of the actinobacteria could be utilized in sustainable agriculture and bioprospecting.