A Review of Advances in Research on the Seismic Vulnerability of Bridge Structures

Bridge structures play an extremely important role in transportation. However, their complex structure and special working environment make them vulnerable to earthquakes, so it is crucial to study their seismic performance. Currently, the study of bridge seismic vulnerability has become one of the hot issues in the field of earthquake engineering. To promote the development of this field, the current status of research on the seismic vulnerability of bridge structures was reviewed first, and the basic principles and research methods of seismic vulnerability analysis were summarized on this basis. The more commonly used theoretical vulnerability analysis methods and machine learning analysis methods were introduced in detail, and the limitations of each method in the research process and the problems in the current research were analyzed. Finally, the prospects and development directions of bridge structural vulnerability research were discussed. Machine learning, as an emerging vulnerability analysis method, can quickly extract and learn the laws and features from a large amount of data, thus guiding the modeling and parameter setting, and significantly improving the efficiency of seismic vulnerability research. In addition, the study of high-speed railways considering rail restraint is also of great developmental importance in the field of bridge seismic engineering.