A Comprehensive Survey of Regression-Based Loss Functions for Time Series Forecasting

Time Series Forecasting has been an active area of research due to its many applications ranging from network usage prediction, resource allocation, anomaly detection, and predictive maintenance. Numerous publications published in the last five years have proposed diverse sets of objective loss functions to address cases such as biased data, long-term forecasting, and multicollinear features. In this paper, we have summarized well-known 14 regression loss functions commonly used for time series forecasting and listed out the circumstances where their application can aid in faster and better model convergence. We have also demonstrated how certain categories of loss functions perform well across all datasets and can be considered as a baseline objective function in circumstances where the distribution of the data is unknown. Our code is available on GitHub .