Treatment and Management of Fungal Zoonoses/Sapronoses

Fungal zoonoses/sapronoses are emerging as a global health concern among humans due to the changing climatic conditions and close association with pets and farm animals. They are manifested in a range of clinical diseases, from superficial to systemic mycoses. Many strategies have to be adopted for the treatment and management of various diseases. The compromised immune system may further complicate the effective treatment and management of diseases. The availability of effective antifungal drugs is limited, and allylamines, azoles, and echinocandins are the main class of drugs being the most commonly used. Various formulations of these drugs are available, having different indications and toxicity spectrums. Hence, the selection of the appropriate formulation is critical for the safety and successfull therapy. Apart from the antifungal drugs, suitable adjunct therapy and supportive medical assistance also play a crucial role in the success rate of therapy. The chronic, recurrent, and refractory cases of fungal zoonoses/sapronoses need special attention, and the development of newer antifungal drugs or repurposing of drugs is the possible way to treat such conditions.