Effect of Spindle Speed and Feed Rate on Machining of Zirconia Bio-ceramic Using CNC Rotary Ultrasonic Machine

Rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM) is an inexpensive and environment favorable method for machining brittle material such as advanced ceramics. The main objective of this review was to highlight important conclusions of the prior studies conducted by various researchers. The drilling of stepped, square, and hexagonal holes, straight and serpentine micro-channels and face milling has been performed on various bio-ceramic materials using rotary ultrasonic machining (RUM). Moreover, the effect of machining parameters such as types of abrasive, grit size, concentration of slurry, power rating, tool feed rate, vibration amplitude, and frequency on various performance parameters, i.e., material removal rate (MRR), surface roughness (SR), surface quality, and tool wear has also been elaborated. This article reviewed a detailed and sequential overview of RUM applied to bio-ceramics, examining the various process and performance parameters that have been studied by researchers. The review covers a broad range of advanced ceramic materials used in different types of biomedical applications. Moreover, the challenges and requirements of advanced bio-ceramics with applications have been discussed in this paper.