Biotechnological Tools – Advances and Diagnostics to Control Parasitic Diseases in Aquaculture

The aquaculture sector is developing more rapidly, which demands rapid disease diagnostics. The effectiveness of management techniques is significantly influenced by the timely and correct diagnosis of diseases. Devoted farmers and researchers would benefit greatly from adopting quick and on-farm biotechnology techniques for disease diagnosis. The sensitivity of diagnostic tools, epidemiological research, and most crucially the control of these diseases were all greatly improved by molecular techniques. Since the invention of PCR, few significant developments in the field of clinical diagnostic testing have been made, though new technologies are being developed. Molecular technologies like polymerase chain reaction (PCR), real-time PCR, and nucleic acid sequence-based amplification (NASBA) have made it possible to detect, identify, and quantify enormously low levels of water pathogens, and microarray machinery adds a new measurement to multiplex screening for pathogens and response of the host. The use of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) provides a quick method for identifying infections; antibodies to immunoglobulins from various fish species can be used to track the host’s reaction after immunization, and monoclonal antibodies can screen brood stock for prior pathogen exposure. The goal of this study is to highlight the possibilities of these innovative technologies in the field of diagnosis of parasites, and this study will focus on a new technology that can be used to improve fish health management.