Metagenomics in Aquatic Ecosystem Health Surveillance

India has a lot of resources along its rivers that help millions of people get everything and services. But the health of these rivers is always in danger because of pollution and other human activities. The use of metagenomics-based methods in biological niches has made them very useful for keeping an eye on the health of rivers. Metagenomic studies are better than culture-based studies because they don’t rely on errors that come from cultures. Next-generation sequencing (NGS) methods with high throughput and powerful data analysis software/tools could change the way metagenomics studies are done forever. High-throughput NGS platforms were used to look at sediment samples from India and a few river areas around the world to find out about the variety of microbes that live there and how they work. Access to more powerful computers has expanded the range of microbial biogeographic studies that look at how changes in the environment and human activities affect the community of bacteria. Researchers can now study and learn more about how the microbe community and the ecosystem around it connect better thanks to these cool and cutting-edge tools. They helped us figure out how the biogeochemical processes in river sediments work. This review piece lists the ways that metagenomics can be used to keep an eye on the health of rivers.