Domestication of Wild Halophytes for Profitable Biosaline Agriculture

The increasing population has led to increased demand for food, in combination with the shrinking availability of good lands and good-quality water for crop cultivation. The relevance of biosaline agriculture comes into the forefront under these conditions. By examining recent research, technological advancements, and case studies, this chapter elucidates the pivotal role that domestication of halophytes can play in enhancing crop productivity, mitigating soil salinity, and ensuring sustainable food production in regions prone to salinization. Halophytes are a versatile group, having uses beyond conventional agriculture and extending into ecological restoration through phytoremediation aspects and food, fodder, and biofuel domains. Through the prism of case studies spotlighting successful assimilation of halophytes into agricultural paradigms, the potential of halophytes as cornerstones of profitable biosaline agriculture is effectively accentuated. However, the success of biosaline agriculture faces challenges, including the intricate dynamics of genetic diversity, the adaptation of agronomic methodologies, the interplay of market forces, and the imperative of consumer acceptance. The crucial role of persistent endeavors in fully harnessing the latent promise of domesticated halophytes within the tapestry of biosaline agriculture is also highlighted, which can address global food security challenges and pave the way for economically viable biosaline agriculture.