Pros and Cons of Plant Genetic Engineering Technologies

Plant breeding is a promising technique to create and exploit the genetic variations in plants. The current updates in genetic engineering (GE) are also to boost plant research and plant breeding programs for sustainable agriculture. The nearly magical advancement of GE offers plant varieties exhibiting traits of agricultural interest, such as insect resistance, herbicide tolerance, as well as outstanding agronomic properties and superior-quality values. With the advancements in genetically modified (GM) crops with improved nutritious qualities, some of the elements stalled its development for instance; regulatory approval, consumer and societal acceptance, non-government organization opposition, and economic value. All these factors contribute to the delayed commercialization of GE plants. Nevertheless, the new advancements in genetic engineering are constantly evolving government policy regarding the widespread adoption of some of these techniques. However, the morality of altering an organism’s genetic makeup and the possibility that doing so may have unfavorable consequences for those who ingest it remain open questions. To ascertain the possible future application of GE, it is essential to carefully consider its advantages and disadvantages. This chapter provides a detailed analysis of GE plants, exploring their merits and drawbacks from diverse angles. This comprehensive examination is indispensable for gauging their acceptance on a wider level. Consequently, additional research efforts are imperative to gain insight into the effects of GE plants within ecosystems. The widespread adoption of GM crops has led to the overuse of a small number of cultivars compared to wild varieties. Consequently, this study tackles numerous concerns regarding food safety, environmental impacts, and socioeconomic issues. In summary, based on this research, there is a potential for increased prominence of the GMO debate among the general population and a clear trend toward greater acceptance in the future.