Theranostics as an Emerging Integrated Imaging and Therapies in Precision Oncology

Theranostics is the combination of screening biomarkers and curative agents that share a common target in cancerous cells or tissues. Scanning has progressed from an important clinical tool to a current and influential reference for improving disease categorization, patient selection, forecasting of therapeutic efficacy and tissue toxicity, and diagnosis as a core component of care delivery, often enabling the development of new medications and therapies. The nuclear approach for the treatment refers to use of radioactive molecules to photo pharmacologic occurrences by expressing specific cancer targets, including cell surface receptors or cellular carriers, and then using specifically designed agents to deliver ionizing radioactivity to the tissues that express these targets. The nuclear theranostic initiative has also ignited increase attention and significance in conjunction with the development of molecular diagnostics and personalised medicine. It assists in providing customized monitoring for a range of diseases, enhancing health choices, forecasts of response, toxicological, disease prediction determination, attempting to avoid unproductive and expensive diagnostic evaluations for a wide range of diseases. This chapter aims to provide an overview of theranostic approaches in nuclear medicine for cancer diagnosis and treatment.