Greenspace Exposure and Respiratory Disease in China

China has made endeavored toward controlling air pollution since 2008. However, these efforts could be counteracted by urbanization, which has accentuated the health impact of air pollution as individuals relocate from rural areas with less ambient air pollution into urban areas with greater ambient air pollution levels. Typically, urban regions have inferior air quality, subjecting locals to escalated levels of air pollution. Furthermore, urban sprawl has generated more built-up areas to serve the burgeoning urban population, and greenspaces are sometimes integrated into city planning and infrastructure development. “Greening” of cities has become an essential factor in creating livable urban areas, yet its impact on health is still inadequately understood, particularly in relation to the increasing levels of air pollution associated with rapid urbanization. This section aims to evaluate the effects of rapid urbanization on the availability of greenspaces and ambient air pollution quality, as well as the associated health effects leading to the incidence and burden of respiratory diseases. Our findings are significant for the prediction of the potential risk of greenspace on lung health and for implementing evidence-based policy making and risk management in China.