Green Space, Biomarkers, and Other Health Outcomes

Numerous studies have shown that exposure to green space benefits a variety of health outcomes. This chapter examines recent research in this area and evaluates the evidence in the areas of green space and non-communicable diseases (NCDs) related biomarkers. Since green space has repeatedly been shown to benefit the prevention of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and mortality reduction. Green space and biomarker research could yield new insights into the disease mechanism pathway of environmental risk factors as well as the development of meaningful greenness-based interventions to prevent related diseases and their clinical symptoms in the early stage. The purpose of this chapter is to highlight the evidence of greenness associations with biomarkers, which reflects incidences of CVD, stroke, diabetes, and other NCDs. We also compiled a list of outcomes of which biomarker evidence has yet to be elucidated.