Education Reforms in Kazakhstan: International Integration and Nationalization Efforts

In a globalized and increasingly integrated world for almost every field, Kazakhstan’s education system has also aimed for international integration in the post-independence period. However, the education system inherited from the Soviet era in which all children had access to free education, qualified teachers were trained, and scientific development was open with many research institutes has been deteriorating for 20 years, especially in the first 10 years after independence due to economic inadequacies and insufficient education and training reforms. Many needed materials were unable to be supplied to schools, qualified teachers went abroad, and some children did not even have access to education or training. Kazakhstan has achieved positive results by prioritizing international integration, legal regulations in education, and national and international programs, as well as by using various economic resources that have been created over time. By supporting global competition in the economy, the country has started to raise qualified individuals who combine national values with international culture.