Vulnerability Analysis of High-Speed Railway Networks to Gale Disaster Based on Coupled Map Lattices

To accurately assess the impact of station failure on the transportation capacity of the high-speed rail (HSR) network under gale conditions, an improved space-L method was used to construct a directed weighted network topology model based on high-speed train frequencies. A comprehensive vulnerability evaluation index for the HSR network under train frequency conditions was then proposed. Next, based on the improved Coupled Map Lattice (CML) model simulates the cascading failure process of the network caused by the failure of network nodes under different external disturbance R and coupling coefficients, and measures the changes in network vulnerability during the cascading failure process. Finally, the validity of the model was verified and the vulnerability of the 2022 HSR network was analyzed as an example. The research findings indicate that the existing HSR network in China exhibits scale-free and small-world network characteristics. As the external disturbance R increases, the range of cascading failure in the network expands, leading to an increase in the resulting fragility. At different coupling strengths, the range of cascading failures in the ε1 is more destructive to the network than the ε2. Therefore, it is important to focus on protecting stations that are vulnerable to gale damage and preventing faults from spreading within the network.