Role of Pistachio, Cashew, and Almond Seeds in Prevention and Treatment of Abnormal Proliferation

An illness defined by the lack of genetic control over cell growth and proliferation, primarily as a result of environmental influences, is known as abnormal proliferation. The most essential ways to reduce the risk of cancer in modern society are to quit smoking and eat a lot of fruits and vegetables. Nut seeds contain anacardic acids, polyphenols, vegetable protein, monounsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E, phenolic compounds, selenium, vegetable fiber, folic acid, and phytoestrogens, just like fruits and vegetables that contribute in anti-cancer activity. Although the processes by which these components can intervene in the prevention of cancer have not been fully explored, there are a number of them. There are only a few epidemiological studies that look at the link between nut seed consumption and cancer risk. The colon/rectum is the most widely investigated region, as it is an organ where the action of nuts is biologically reasonable. Although the findings are inconclusive, there is a possibility of a preventive effect against colon and rectum cancer. Similarly, some studies suggest that it may protect against breast and prostate cancer, but there is insufficient evidence for other tumor types. New epidemiological studies are needed to elucidate the potential effects of nuts on cancer, particularly prospective studies that provide reliable and full estimates of their consumption and allow for analysis of their effects independent of legume and seed use. This review shows the role of pistachio, cashew, and almond seeds in prevention and treatment of abnormal proliferation and the secondary metabolites that are involved in the mechanism.