Role of Papaya Seed in the Management of Antiproliferation: Description, Chemistry and Uses

Papaya seeds (PSs) are healthy, delicious, and rarely used. Moderate consumption of these tiny, spherical seeds is beneficial for menstruation pain, cancer, and weight loss. Heart-friendly too. PSs cleanse, hydrate, reduce inflammation, and improve digestion. PSs contain fiber, protein, and fat. Minerals and vitamins abound. Carotenoids, glucosinolates, isothiocyanates, and tocopherol are extensively studied as antiproliferative agents against cancerous cells and for modifying cell signaling, preventing proliferation, inducing apoptosis, and preventing migration, invasion, and angiogenesis. Papaya seed chemicals initially boost Th1-type cytokine production. Papaya suppresses hematopoietic cells such as Jurkat, ARH77, Raji, Karpas-299, and HL-60. Papaya decreases renal cell cancer. Papaya extracts affect cancer cells. PSs inhibit IL-6, TNF-α, PC-3, and MCF-7 cancer cells. PSs were effective against colon, leukemia, lung, liver, breast, and prostate cancer.. Papaya extract destroys cancer cells in vitro. This chapter highlights PSs’ plant-based compounds and antiproliferative properties on cancer cell lines.