Toughness in the context of cement and concrete refers to the material’s capacity to absorb energy and plastically deform without fracturing. It is a crucial property for materials subjected to dynamic loads or impacts, which are common in areas with high traffic or seismic activity. The mechanism of toughness in concrete is largely dependent on its composition—the aggregate type, size, matrix toughness, and the presence of reinforcing fibers all play significant roles. Fiber-reinforced concrete, for instance, significantly enhances toughness by bridging cracks that form when the concrete is stressed, distributing the stress across a broader area of the material.