Total volume deformation in cement and concrete refers to the change in volume that occurs due to various factors, including thermal expansion, moisture movement, and chemical reactions such as hydration or carbonation. This deformation is a critical aspect of concrete’s behavior as it directly impacts the material’s durability and structural integrity. Mechanisms leading to volume deformation include drying shrinkage, where loss of moisture leads to a reduction in volume; thermal expansion or contraction due to temperature changes; and autogenous shrinkage, which occurs due to the self-desiccation process in low water–cement ratio mixes.