Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) is a technique used to measure the amount and rate of weight change in materials, such as cement and concrete, as a function of temperature or time under a controlled atmosphere. This analytical method is essential for studying the thermal stability and composition of cementitious materials, including hydration products and carbonation effects. TGA can precisely measure the loss of water from the hydration products (dehydration) and the decomposition of calcium carbonate (decarbonation), providing insight into the chemical processes that occur within the concrete as it is exposed to varying temperatures.