Cement and concrete are critical to modern construction, with concrete being a composite material formed from cement, aggregates, and water. Physical properties such as temperature, moisture, and mechanical stress are crucial to the performance and longevity of these materials. Under severe environmental conditions, these physical factors can dramatically alter the hydration process of cement, the curing, and the overall durability of concrete. For example, temperature fluctuations can affect the rate of cement hydration, which is a chemical reaction crucial to setting and hardening the concrete. Similarly, excessive moisture can lead to hydration issues, and mechanical stresses can cause cracks and structural failures.