Agricultural waste, such as rice husk ash, sugarcane bagasse ash, and other crop residues, offers a sustainable alternative to traditional cementitious materials. The utilization of these waste products in cement and concrete can significantly reduce the carbon footprint of construction materials by replacing a portion of Portland cement, which is a major producer of CO 2 during its manufacture. This section would explore the basic properties of various agricultural wastes and their general compatibilities with cementitious materials. It would also cover the initial exploration into the viability of these materials in cement production, including the economic and environmental motivations driving this research.