Bio-corrosion, also known as microbial corrosion or biogenic corrosion, refers to the degradation of materials caused by biological activity, primarily by microorganisms such as bacteria and fungi. This type of corrosion is a significant concern for the construction industry, particularly in the context of cement and concrete, which are commonly used materials in various infrastructures. Bio-corrosion can lead to the deterioration of concrete structures through the action of microorganisms that can induce changes in the chemical environment or directly attack the structural integrity of the material. Understanding bio-corrosion is essential for improving the longevity and durability of concrete structures, especially under severe environmental conditions where microbial activity is accelerated by factors such as high moisture, temperature fluctuations, and the presence of nutrients.