Kibble-Zurek Mechanism for the Dynamical Ordering Transition

In this chapter, we test the applicability of the Kibble-Zurek mechanism (KZM) to the dynamical ordering and obtain the first experimental evidence of KZM for the nonequilibrium dynamical ordering transition. We examine the configurational order of vortices in the course of dynamical ordering with various quench rates and find a power-law scaling of defect density with the quench rate. The result, together with the finding of an impulse-adiabatic crossover related to critical slowing down, is the key prediction of KZM.