Moving Smectic Phase and Transverse Mode Locking in Driven Vortex Matter

In this chapter, we investigate dynamical ordering from a disordered plastic flow to an anisotropically ordered smectic flow induced by increasing the dc driving force. To acquire the information on the transverse configuration of the vortex flow, we prepare a cross-shaped sample in which mutually perpendicular driving forces can be applied to the vortex system. Two experimental methods are developed: two-step measurements of transient voltage and transverse mode locking resonance. Using these methods, we obtain convincing evidence of the smectic flow with transverse periodicity and construct the dynamical phase diagram of current-driven vortices