Spatiotemporal Change Analysis of Urbanization in Gurugram District of Haryana, India, Using a Geospatial Technique

Remote sensing and GIS play a very important role in monitoring, managing, and mapping the operation of natural resources. This study includes the Landsat 5 and Landsat 8 satellite imagery for the analysis of urban sprawl for the years 1999 and 2019, respectively, in the Gurugram (previously known as Gurgaon) district of Haryana, India. The methodology of the study follows by calculating the NDBI (normalized built-up index) spectral indices for extracting the built-up feature class from the Landsat time series data sets of 1999 and 2019. The aim of this study is to: (i). find out urbanization patterns in the area of interest and (ii). temporal change analysis, in particular, urban feature class from 1999–2019. The outcomes of the study illustrate a rapid urban sprawl in the region by the percent increase of 293%. In conclusion, the study findings suggest to secure a livable and resilient future for the residents of the region; policymakers and urban planners must embrace sustainable and integrated approaches to urban development that balance economic growth with environmental protection.