Testing Gravity with Black Hole X-Ray Data

The analysis of the properties of the X-ray radiation emitted from geometrically thin accretion disks around black holes can be a powerful tool to test General Relativity in the strong field regime. This chapter reviews the state-of-the-art of gravity tests with black hole X-ray data. So far, most efforts have been devoted to test the Kerr hypothesis—namely that the spacetime around astrophysical black holes is described by the Kerr solution—and X-ray data can currently provide among the most stringent constraints on possible deviations from the Kerr geometry. As of now, all X-ray analyses are consistent with the predictions of General Relativity.