In Vitro Cell Line Culture for Brain Research and Its Limitations

In recent years, the field of neuroscience has witnessed remarkable advancements, fueled in large part by the development and utilization of in vitro cell line models for brain research. These models encompass a wide array of neuronal and glial cell lines, primary cultures, and sophisticated systems that closely mimic the brain’s intricate microenvironments. They have become invaluable tools for investigating various facets of brain biology and pathology. This review provides a comprehensive exploration of the diverse in vitro cell line models available for brain research and delves into their applications, from disease modeling to drug screening, mechanistic studies, and beyond. Furthermore, we examine the inherent limitations and challenges associated with these models, shedding light on the ongoing efforts to refine and enhance their utility in advancing our understanding of the brain’s complexities. By offering insights into the ever-evolving landscape of in vitro cell line culture in brain research, this review aims to underscore their critical role in shaping the future of neuroscience and its potential to address pressing questions related to neurological disorders and brain function.