Biomaterials for Sustainable Bioremediation

Environmental pollution refers to the contamination of air, water, or soil with harmful substances, resulting in adverse effects on the ecosystems and human health. It is a significant global issue with severe consequences for the planet. One effective approach to combat environmental pollution is through bioremediation. Bioremediation is the use of organisms, such as bacteria, fungi, and plants, to break down or remove contaminants from a polluted environment. It is an environmentally friendly and cost-effective method that harnesses the power of nature to restore the ecosystem. Bioremediation using nanoparticles is a promising approach for the clean-up of environmental contaminants. This method combines the use of nanoparticles and natural remediation processes to enhance the degradation or immobilization of pollutants. It is important to note that the effectiveness of nanoparticles in achieving sustainable bioremediation depends on various factors, including the type of contaminant, environmental conditions, concentration of nanoparticles, and the specific nanoparticles chosen. This chapter focuses on the principles of utilizing nanoparticles to achieve sustainable bioremediation. It provides an insight into the processes and mechanism involved in the application of nanotechnology for sustainable bioremediation. Furthermore, we highlighted the potential ecological risks associated with the use of nanoparticles for bioremediation.