Dual Ring Star 16-QAM Constellation Partitioning Based SCMA Codebook

The following paper presents a dual ring star 16-QAM modulation scheme. SCMA codebook is designed using the Dual Ring Star 16-QAM (DRS16) constellation. Optimisation of the \(rr\) is executed by calculating the RR that ensures equidistance between neighbouring constellation points. When compared with the amplitude shift keying (ASK) modulation, 16-QAM can reduce the symbols rate by four times that required by ASK modulation. The importance of ring ratios as the transition of amplitude levels of Star QAM constellation patterns critically affects the error detection.