Security Threats and Data Protection Methods Used in Cloud Computing: A Review

Cloud computing has become a widely explored research area in academia and industry. Cloud computing benefits both cloud service providers and consumers. The security challenges associated with cloud computing have been widely studied in the literature. This comprehensive review explores cryptographic solutions to enhance security in cloud computing. Addressing key research questions, the paper examines homomorphic encryption's role in protecting data during processing, emphasizing practical advancements despite computational trade-offs. It explores searchable encryption's applicability for privacy-preserving data search and filtering, highlighting ongoing research for efficiency optimization. Additionally, the review discusses attribute-based encryption for ensuring data privacy across multiple users, acknowledging scalability considerations. The conclusion underscores the dynamic nature of cloud security, advocating for continued research, collaboration, and adaptability to shape a secure future. This paper contributes insights into cryptographic strategies crucial for fortifying cloud environments against evolving security challenges.