Creating and Simulating a Battery Cooling System Using CFD

The modern transportation sector is shifting toward renewable sources of producing electricity which has the capability to decrease the carbon footprint and environmental crisis, so as renewable energy has to be stored for best usage, this can be done by using the latest energy storage technology, in which compatible battery pack is most used and in that also lithium-ion battery has been proven to be most efficient in energy storing devices. If the optimum temperature of a lithium-ion battery pack which is 20–45 ℃ is not maintained, it can affect the performance, life span, safety, efficiency, and durability of a battery. In this paper, we will study liquid cooling capability and temperature uniformity using various flow types for which the li-ion battery pack is chosen and analyzed for temperature distribution across the battery cells; the method in liquid cooling specifically immersion cooling is used in which battery cells are immersed in coolants directly isolating the terminals of the battery cells. Performance of coolants like ethylene glycol/water 50:50, Novec 7200 (ethoxy-nanofluorobutane), Fluorinert fc-72, air, and water was analyzed. The CAD model of the battery pack was designed using solid works and analyzed by the CFD method using ANSYS Fluent module by which we can simulate different parameters such as maximum cell temperature, temperature distribution of each cell, output coolant temperature, velocity of coolant flow and surface contact of the flowing coolant for a densely packed battery pack, so that an optimally designed battery pack is achieved.