Algae as Nature-Based Solutions for Climate Change Adaptation

This chapter explores the use of algae as nature-based solutions for climate change adaptation. It first touches on a few definitions about climate change adaptation versus mitigation, nature-based solutions and biomimicry and explains how algae-based measures can be beneficial as adaptation actions. Historical uses of algae in civilisations are also briefly mentioned to highlight the fact that algae are not a newly discovered nature-based solution but were already used thousands of years ago in food or construction applications. The various components and benefits of algae are then discussed along with how they are currently used to promote climate adaptation in the different areas of the economy i.e. built environment, food production, new energy systems and non-fossil-fuel materials such as bio-plastics. Lastly, the chapter explores the risks and reasons why algae as nature-based solutions have not yet been implemented more extensively and the reasons for the existing barriers to implementing algae technologies in some areas of our current economy.