Implementation of Algal Approach in Techno-socio-economical Aspect of Wastewater Treatment

The implementation of the algae approach in the technological, social, and economic aspects of wastewater treatment offers an environmentally friendly solution to address the problem of water pollution. Algae play an important role in absorbing pollutants, recovering nutrients, reducing greenhouse gas emissions, and producing biomass for renewable energy. Knowledge of their classification, characteristics, growth, reproduction, and interaction with the environment will help increase the effectiveness of wastewater treatment. The process of wastewater treatment by microalgae metabolic activity involves certain principles, mechanisms, systems, and technologies that enable the improvement of treatment parameters and efficiency. Integrating microalgae technology with other wastewater treatment technologies, such as hybrid systems and technology combinations, can improve overall system synergy and efficiency. Economic aspects and cost analysis need to be carefully considered, including investment costs, operations, economic studies, processing scale, and product marketing potential and sources of income. Meanwhile, the social and policy aspects discussed include public awareness and acceptance, policies and regulations that support the use of algae, as well as partnerships and collaboration between government, industry, and society. Case studies and real applications show experiences and lessons from implementation in various countries, as well as success factors and constraints in these implementations. In facing future challenges and prospects, it is necessary to carry out further research and development of algae technology to increase efficiency and innovation in wastewater treatment and overcome various obstacles that may be encountered during implementation.