Biofunctionalized Nanomaterials for Bioremediation of Pollutants

Organic and inorganic pollutants endanger the environment and human health, and their incidence has recently skyrocketed. As a result, a number of technologies, including bioremediation mixed with nanotechnology, have been investigated in order to develop more efficient methods of removing them from natural matrices. By functionalizing nanoparticles with organic, non-polymeric, and inorganic molecules, polymers, and polysaccharides, new properties such as increased adsorption capacity and high contaminant and pollutant removal effectiveness are condensed into them. Enzymes are known to work under gentler conditions, to catalyze processes efficiently, and to be biodegradable. The treatment of dye wastewater using enzyme-integrated nanotechnology proves to be a profitable approach. Carbon nanotubes, known for their capability to alter surface properties, can be employed to produce nanocomposites when combined with specific chemicals. This summary provides an insight into the present worldwide situation and outlook regarding the utilization and future forecasts of biofunctionalized nanomaterials.