Numerical Analysis on Cooling Aluminum Heated Rod by Nanofluids Inside Annulus Cylindrical Region

In this study, a numerical technique is employed to predict the temperature distribution in the annulus. The cavity is formed using two cylindrical containers; the inner and outer radii of the aluminum heated rod are 5 and 11 cm, respectively, and the height is 30 cm. The annulus cavity is filled with three types of coolant: air, water, Al2O3, CuO, and ZrO2 nanofluids with a volume fraction of 0.15 vol%. The results presented with the vorticity function, isothermal lines, and temperature contours of the annulus cavity were calculated by pretending to be in the 2-D axisymmetric domain. The results showed that using nanofluids of Al2O3, CuO, and ZrO2 will decrease the temperature at the initial cooing process by about 9%, 12%, and 15%, respectively, as compared with using the air, and will decrease the temperature at the initial cooing process by about 3%, 6%, and 10%, respectively, as compared with using the water.