Development of Bio-Based Dielectric Composites from Cellulose and High-Density Polyethylene

This research focuses on the development of cellulose-based biocomposites to create dielectric materials using thermoplastic matrices. Cellulosic fibers offer several advantages to thermoplastic matrices in terms of mechanical, thermal, physicochemical, and dielectric properties. While the superior mechanical properties of cellulosic composites are well recognized, there remains a gap in understanding their dielectric performance. Biocomposites must exhibit favorable dielectric properties and flexibility to be suitable for use as insulation materials in electrical cables. Therefore, this study investigates both the mechanical and dielectric properties, specifically the dielectric constant (ε′) and dissipation factor (ε′′), of bio-based composites composed of cellulose fibers and high-density polyethylene (HDPE) thermoplastic polymer. The results indicate that the addition of cellulose fibers resulted in an increase in both the dielectric constant and dissipation factor of the materials compared to the pure polymer. The highest values were observed in the composites containing 50% on weight basis of cellulose fibers. The reinforced polymer showed increased stiffness and significant tensile strength; however, its ductility decreased significantly.