MPEG Video-Based Point Cloud Compression (V-PCC) Standard

To achieve efficient compression for 3D dynamic point cloud sequences, MPEG has developed video-based point cloud compression (V-PCC) standard. Specifically, V-PCC projects the 3D point cloud into 2D sequences, i.e., occupancy, geometry, and attribute sequences. The occupancy sequence records the location of projected 2D patches. The geometry sequence reflects the projection depth from the surface point to the projection plane. The attribute sequence stores the attribute information pertaining to the points, which generally is the color value. The projected sequences are compressed by the mature 2D video encoder, which quickly utilizes the existing technologies and completes the application deployment. In this chapter, the coding framework, projection scheme, video generation, and video compression will be introduced in detail.