A Systematic Literature Review of IFC-To-CityGML Conversion

Smart city requires the comprehensive utilization of heterogeneous data sources, and the integration of Building Information Modeling (BIM) and Geographic Information System (GIS) can provide the primary data for buildings and cities. Industry Foundation Classes (IFC) and City Geography Markup Language (CityGML) respectively serve as the standards of BIM and GIS, and play an important role in the data integration of BIM and GIS. Due to incompatible data formats and semantic mismatches, BIM/GIS integration faces unsloved challenges. A bibliometric analysis was performed on Web of Science using “IFC” and “CityGML” as keywords, covering the time period from 2013 to 2023, to identify the development trends of IFC-to-CityGML conversion and the authors’ academic contributions. After excluding irrelevant papers and removing the time limit, 35 papers were eventually reviewed. A systematic review was conducted on geometric conversion and semantic mapping in IFC-to-CityGML conversion. Currently, complete IFC-to-CityGML conversion cannot be achieved, and the algorithms related to geometric conversion and semantic mapping still need to be improved.