The Perfect Fluid Characteristic of the Quark Gluon Plasma

This article explores the unique characteristics of the Quark Gluon Plasma (QGP) by analyzing open data obtained from the ALICE experiment for Pb–Pb collisions and from the CMS experiment for Xe–Xe collisions at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The total integrated luminosity of the analyzed data is 3.42 \(\mu {b}^{-1}\) . The findings indicate that there are similar patterns in the correlation between the transverse momentum ( \({P}_{t}\) ) and the flow coefficients ( \({v}_{2}\) and \({v}_{3}\) ) in both Xe–Xe and Pb–Pb collisions. Additionally, the paper estimates the shear viscosity to entropy density ratios of the QGPs by comparing the \({P}_{t}\) dependence of \({v}_{2}\) and \({v}_{3}\) , as obtained from the experiments, with the calculations derived from relativistic hydrodynamics equations using various shear viscosity to entropy density ratios.