Assessment of Battery Temperature for Thermal Management of Electric Vehicles Using SIMCENTER AMESim

The significant impact of temperature on the lifespan and capacity of batteries in electric vehicles necessitates the maintenance of the thermal conditions of the battery within an appropriate range. To achieve this, it is important to implement an efficient cooling system that effectively dissipates the heat generated during charging and discharging, thereby ensuring that the battery temperature remains below a predetermined threshold. This paper presents an analysis of a thermal management system utilizing air cooling for electric vehicles, conducted using Amesim. The performance of this system was evaluated in relation to ambient temperatures ranging from 20 to 28 °C, representative of the average temperature in Vietnamese regions. Additionally, investigations were carried out to assess the influence of (a) air-cooling flow rate varying from 0.12 to 0.28 kg/s, (b) number of module, and (c) module spacing on battery performance. The results demonstrate that the battery temperature remains within an acceptable range for lithium-ion batteries when subjected to varying ambient temperatures of 20 to 28 °C. However, at higher ambient temperatures of 32 and 36 °C, the maximum temperature exceeded 40 °C. Increasing the flow rate to 0.28 kg/s resulted in a significant temperature reduction of 6 °C (from 44 to 38 °C) in scenarios where the battery pack contained 10 modules. Additionally, the module spacing has the potential to lower the maximum temperature observed. These findings provide valuable insights for designing thermal systems aimed at reducing energy consumption in electric vehicles, thereby enhancing overall performance and reliability.