Testicular Cancer

Epidemiology: According to the IARC, 74,458 men were diagnosed with testicular cancer (TC) in the year 2020 and 9334 deaths were recorded worldwide [1]. The overall 5-year survival rate was 95% for the period 2012–2018 [2]. TC is common in men between 15 and 45 years of age [3]. Survival rates range from 99% for localized disease, 96% for local spread to nearby organs or lymph nodes, and 73% for distant metastasis [1]. Globally, the age-standardized rates (ASR) were 137.4, 116.9, 94.9, 66.5, and 27.1 per 100,000 men in Europe, Oceania, North America, South America, and Central America, respectively and are reported to be the least in Asia [4]. The average age is 33 years at the time of first diagnosis [3].