Prostate Cancer

Epidemiology: In the year 2020, the second most diagnosed cancer was prostate cancer with 1,414,259 new cases accounting to 14.1% of all cancer cases and ranked fifth in mortality with 3,75,304 deaths accounting to 6.8% of all cancer-related deaths globally. In more than half of the world, i.e., 112 out of 185 countries, the most diagnosed cancer was prostate cancer [1]. Incidence rates of PCa were three times higher in transitioned countries than in transitioning countries (37.5 cases/100,000 vs. 11.3 cases/100,000, respectively) [1]. However, the mortality rates were less variable: 8.1 deaths/100,000 in transitioned countries vs. 5.9 deaths/100,000 in transitioning countries [1, 2]. The highest age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR) per a population of 100,000 was found in Northern Europe with 83.4 cases followed by Western Europe with 77.6 cases, the Caribbean with 75.8 cases, Australia/New Zealand with 75.8 cases, Northern America with 73 cases, and Southern Africa with 65.9 cases while the lowest ASIR was found in South Central Asia with 6.3 cases, South-Eastern Asia with 13.5 cases, and Northern Africa with 16.6 cases [1].