Emerging Concepts in the Field of Vaccine Adjuvants

Currently, immunization is crucial for staying safe from life-threatening infectious diseases. The success of a vaccine depends on its protective efficacy and dosage which gives long long-lasting immune response. The improved vaccine with novel adjuvants confers superior immunity against the pathogen. However, due to safety and toxicity concerns, the number of licensed adjuvants is very few. Adjuvants are currently used to amplify the immunological response to a given vaccination, improve antibody response, and increase the number of recipients vaccinated. Adjuvants are employed more frequently in undeveloped vaccines to regulate immune responses that would not be efficiently activated by vaccination antigens without adjuvants.