Precision Agriculture: Unmanned Aerial Vehicles and IoT-Powered Smart Irrigation System for Plant Health Monitoring

As the global population increases and climate change persists, innovative farming solutions that conserve resources and increase food production are need of hour. Countries around the world are striving to promote sustainable agriculture by incorporating various technologies that can enhance its efficacy. The optimization of irrigation systems is a critical factor for improving water-use efficiency and contributing toward achieving sustainable development goals (SDGs) established by the United Nations requires. Conventional irrigation methods lead to water and nutrient wastage due to excess application and leaching, while droughts impact monsoon-dependent farmlands. The use of the Internet of Things (IoT) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) in agriculture has transformed traditional farming practices into precision agriculture. This paper proposes an integrated framework for smart irrigation system for Plant Health Monitoring Using UAV and IoT. This system can effectively control the irrigation environment based on soil moisture, temperature, humidity, PH, nutrients and water levels, leading to better crop health and yield. It is also cost-effective and adaptable for large-scale farms, providing an effective solution for sustainable agriculture.