Emerging Wireless Technologies for Efficient Routing for Internet of Things

Many types of wireless networks and technologies, including those used for longer distances, shorter distances, and in the personal area are all included into the designs of IoT applications. This opens up a wide range of commercial possibilities in sectors as varied as e-health, smart cities, and smart homes. This article takes a close look at some key wireless technologies for the IoT, as well as several others that are currently undergoing rapid development. Notable technologies including ZigBee, 6LoWPAN, Bluetooth Low Energy, LoRa, and several variants of Wi-Fi, including the cutting-edge IEEE 802.11ah standards are addressed. The data range and rate, network size, RF channels and bandwidth, power consumption, and other relevant aspects are all studied in depth in the research in order to assess the capabilities and behaviors of these technologies. Evidence suggests that a holistic technology approach is required for the IoT to provide interoperable and secure communications. In this paper, we investigate how recent advances in wireless technology can provide answers to long-standing problems in efficient routing. Several alternative optimization methods, such as PSO and ACO, inspired by natural events have been applied throughout the routing process in previous studies. In this research, we use an MVO to find the optimal connection establishment route for wireless nodes. The simulation results validate that the proposed adjustment improves throughput. In addition, the ratio of packets lost by the conventional method to those lost by the proposed method is larger than that of the latter.