Natural Hazards as a Source of Environmental Pollution in the Global South

Natural Hazards (NHs) are characterized as clusters of events that have a detrimental effect on ecosystems and the surrounding environment. Several NHs have been linked to human activities, according to the literature. These include forest fires caused by climate change, landslides caused by mining and urbanization, pandemics, droughts caused by deforestation, and many more. Biological, geophysical, meteorological, and hydrological hazards are the four main types of NHs occurrences. Avalanches, coastal erosion, earthquakes, lahars, landslides, and volcanic eruptions are all examples of geological factors that can produce geophysical hazards. Storms, blizzards, cyclones, drought, hurricanes, ice storms, forest fires, hail, heat waves, and geomagnetic storms are all examples of meteorological factors. Floods are a common hydrological hazard. Diseases, both endemic and pandemic, make up the bulk of biological threats. The listed NHs are part of FEMA’s (a division of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security, United States) National danger Index because of the environmental danger they pose. Environmental and socioeconomic infrastructure are both devastated by natural disasters. Therefore, it is crucial to consistently monitor the situation and come up with effective scientific remedies to reduce the risk. Preventative actions can be better devised with the aid of precise predictions of natural hazardous events. Climate change, problems with sustainable management of natural resources, contamination of water reservoirs from natural disasters, programs to reduce disaster risk, and forest fire prevention are the main environmental pollution concerns. Natural disasters (NDs) are those that could happen and have a detrimental effect on society and the environment, whereas natural disasters (NDs) are those that have already happened and have caused serious damage. As a means of reducing the impact of catastrophic events, India has a government-run agency known as the National Disaster Management Authority (NDMA). A global organization, the UNDRR seeks to lessen the impact of natural catastrophes. In order to mitigate both new and existing threats, as well as to strengthen resilience, the UNDRR implemented the SFDRR, a systematic approach.