Lignocellulosic-Derived Carbohydrates: A Splendid Biomolecule for Human Health and the Environment

In recent times, resources based on fossil fuels have been considered the basis for the generation of energy. Currently, there has been a paradigm shift in this conventional practice, and the investigation of more sustainable, cost-effective, and eco-friendly feedstocks is being pursued for the generation of fuels and prebiotics. Lignocellulosic biomasses (LCBs) are a sustainable and alternate renewable resource that has been recognized as a substitute to curtail the dependency of this sector on fuels derived from fossil resources and to remove their imprints on the environment. Lignocellulosic biomasses are not only abundant but also renewable resources. The concept of biorefineries has set a stage for numerous biomasses, principally lignocellulosic biomasses, to be investigated for the production of fuels and prebiotics. The production of biofuels in a biorefinery can substantially curtail the emission of greenhouse gases (GHG) and are sustainable and eco-friendly. The industrial production of biofuels has taken novel dimensions, and approaches are reorganized for their production. Their production helps in uplifting the renewable economy under a sustainability regime. This chapter provides a deep insight into various aspects of oligosaccharides and biofuel, along with the strategies employed in the production of various oligosaccharides and biofuels.