Indigenous Small Fish Diversity from Selected Wetlands of Eastern India

India’s remarkable biodiversity and diverse geographical features contribute to its status as a mega biodiversity hotspot. In the eastern part of India, specifically Bihar, the freshwater wetlands serve as important habitats for small indigenous fish (SIFs) species. These SIFs play crucial ecological, cultural, and economic roles in sustaining the freshwater ecosystems and supporting the livelihoods of local communities. They serve as a significant food source for larger predatory fishes, birds, and mammals, control algae growth, contribute to nutrient cycling, and create aquatic habitats for other organisms. Kanwar Lake, Asia’s largest freshwater lake located in Bihar, stands as a prime example of the ecological significance of these wetlands. It is home to diverse flora and fauna, including numerous bird species, and supports abundant fisheries, particularly indigenous fish species. The local fishing communities heavily rely on the lake for their livelihoods. Understanding the importance of these wetlands and their inhabitants is vital for the conservation and sustainable management of freshwater ecosystems in Bihar and beyond.