Hydrogen bonding (H-bonding) as a typical inter- or intramolecular interaction can induce the aggregation of AIE luminogens (AIEgens) through restricting the intramolecular motion and rigidifying the chain conformation of polymers, to thereby suppress the non-radiative decay and promote luminescence. In this chapter, various AIE polymer systems based on H-bonds including conventional AIE polymers, nonconventional clustering-triggered emission (CTE) polymers, and clustering-triggered room-temperature phosphorescence (RTP) hydrogels were reviewed. Since H-bonds are sensitive to some stimuli, such as temperature, pH, urea, and ions, AIE polymers based on H-bonds usually exhibit multiple stimuli-responsive properties. RTP hydrogels can be designed because the clustering based on H-bonds can both rigidify the hydrogel network to facilitate the efficiency of intersystem crossing (ISC) and shield the AIEgens in polymer phase from quenching by water molecules. In addition, the AIE luminescent color is possibly influenced by the density of polymer-polymer H-bonds. Overall, AIE polymeric materials based on H-bonds with multiple stimuli-responsiveness hold significant potential for a wide range of applications.