Load Sensing Identification of Steel Beam Based on Piezoelectric Single Crystal

Steel beams are commonly used in bridge engineering and other infrastructures, however they are susceptible to fatigue and unfavorable loads during operation, resulting in structural damage. To maintain structural safety, it is critical to do research on load perception detection and damage monitoring of steel beams. Based on [(1-x)Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3-xPbTiO3, PMN-PT] piezoelectric single crystal, a new load sensing monitoring method is proposed in this paper. The time-history curve of voltage signal output under different load modes can be transformed and analyzed, and the load size, type, and position can be identified and monitored in real time. In order to verify the accuracy and feasibility of the proposed method, the load condition identification and dynamic load sensing monitoring tests of simply supported steel beams are carried out by using free excitation of mass blocks, and the theoretical analysis of the stress state and change process of steel beam during load process is carried out by using bending moment inversion. The results show that the theoretical values are in good agreement with the experimental results, and the PMN-PT sensor has a sensitive response, and it is also extremely efficient at sensing impacts and reflecting the dynamic response of steel beams. This monitoring method also proves to be highly effective in identifying and monitoring steel structure load conditions.